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BAZ (БАЗ neboli Брянский автомоби́льный заво́д, Brjanskij Avtomobilnij Zavod – Brjanský automobilový závod) je ruský výrobce nákladních automobilů, založený roku 1958 jako pobočka továrny ZiL ve městě Brjansk. Jde o jednoho z předních ruských výrobců vojenské techniky. Vyrábí terénní nákladní automobily a tahače s nosností 14 až 40 tun.
Původně se zde vyráběly komponenty jako hnací nápravy, podvozek, nástavby a další díly pro automobil ZIL-131. Už v roce 1959 sem byla z moskevské továrny přesunuta výroba armádních vozidel a v roce 1960 zde byla založena speciální uzavřená konstrukční kancelář a nezávislá výroba.
Bryansk Automobile Plant (BAZ, Russian: БАЗ or Брянский автомоби́льный заво́д, Bryansky Avtomobilny Zavod) is a Russian manufacturer of military vehicles based in Bryansk, Russia.
It was established in 1958 as a subsidiary of ZiL. It is one of the leading Russian military equipment manufacturers. It also produces off-road tractors and chassis with carrying capacity from 14 to 40 tons.
Since 2015 it is part of the Almaz-Antey holding.
Agricultural engineering in the Soviet Union – Soviet machine building industry
- 1855 – Andrei Terentyev artisans and Moses Creek created the first Russian threshing machine.
- 1888 – Fyodor Blinov mechanic built the world’s first model of crawler tractor.
- 1893 – Yakov Mamin invented the plow with two plowshares
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1910 – Yakov Mamin created tractor “Dwarf”, later known as the “Russian tractor” . However, mass production of tractors in Russia was launched only in the Soviet Union in the 20-30s.
In 1917 the whole of Russia was 165 tractors
- 1918 – at Petrograd factory “Bolshevik” was organized small-scale production of crawler tractors.
- 1921 – SNK (Soviet government) decree “On agricultural engineering”.
At this time, the release of tractors engaged in Kolomna and Kharkiv Locomotive Factory, Obukhov plant. Most mass production of tractors was organized at the “Red Putilovets” (tractor “Fordson Putilovets”).
- 1926 – started producing tractor cultivators for continuous tillage .
- 1928 – started production of tractor plows.
In 1928, the country produced 1,300 tractors
- 1930 – commissioned in 1930 Stalingrad Tractor Factory design capacity of 144 tractors a day. Since that time, the Soviet Union began the mass production of tractors.
At “Communard” started production of the first Soviet harvesters.
- 1931 – was built Kharkiv Tractor Plant.
- 1932 – started production of tractor potato harvesters.
- 1933 – was built Chelyabinsk Tractor Plant.
- 1937 – USSR on the annual production of combine harvesters went to 1st place in the world – 44 thousand units. against 29 thousand in the U.S.
By the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, the Soviet Union occupied the first place in the world for the production of crawler tractors .
- During the war, many tractor factories were destroyed, some of them have relocated to the east of the country and produced for the front .
- 1944 – resumed production of tractors.
After the war, the construction of new enterprises was continued.
- 1946 – started production of the first tractor with a closed cabin S-80
- 1947 – started production of the first self-propelled combine harvester S-4.
- 1948 – Minsk Tractor Works started production of the first Soviet skidder KT-12.
- 1956 – started production of the first industrial tractor S-100
- 1957 – started production of the first Soviet high-power industrial tractor diesel-electric drive DET-250 .
- 1960 – Soviet Union won first place in the world to produce tractors .
- 1975 – came the first Soviet tractor with front cabin-industrial tractor-bulldozer T-330.
